slworking2<\/a><\/i>
\nCuriosity got the best of me tonight and I decided to cut open a can of
\nGuinness in order to have a closer look at the "widget".<\/p>\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia<\/p>\n
The "floating widget" found in cans of beer is a hollow sphere, 3 cm in diameter. The can is pressurised by adding liquid nitrogen, which vaporises and expands in
\nvolume after the can is sealed, forcing gas and beer into the widget’s
\nhollow interior through a tiny hole – the less beer the better for
\nsubsequent head quality. In addition some nitrogen dissolves in the beer
\nwhich also contains dissolved carbon dioxide. The presence of dissolved
\nnitrogen allows smaller bubbles to be formed with consequent greater
\ncreaminess of the subsequent head. This is because the smaller bubbles need
\na higher internal pressure to balance the greater surface tension, which is
\ninversely proportional to the radius of the bubbles. Achieving this higher
\npressure is not possible just with dissolved carbon dioxide because the much
\ngreater solubility of this gas compared to nitrogen would create an
\nunacceptably large head. When the can is opened, the pressure in the can
\ndrops, causing the pressurised gas and beer inside the widget to jet out
\nfrom the hole. This agitation on the surrounding beer causes a chain
\nreaction of bubble formation throughout the beer. The result, when the can
\nis then poured out, is a surging mixture in the glass of very small gas
\nbubbles and liquid, just as is the case with certain types of draught beer such as draught stouts. In the case of these draught beers, which also contain before dispensing a
\nmixture of dissolved nitrogen and carbon dioxide, the agitation is caused by
\nforcing the beer under pressure through small holes in a restrictor in the
\ntap. The surging mixture gradually settles to produce a very creamy head.
\nThe original widget was patented in the UK by Guinness.<\/p>\n
The word "widget" as applied to this device is a trademark of the Guinness
\nbrewery.<\/p>\n
Background<\/p>\n
Draught Guinness as it is known today was first produced in 1964. With
\nGuinness keen to produce Draught in package for consumers to drink at home,
\nBottled Draught Guinness was formulated in 1978 and launched into the Irish
\nmarket in 1979. It was never actively marketed internationally as it
\nrequired an initiator which looked rather like a syringe to make it work.<\/p>\n
Development<\/p>\n
The initial inventors of generating draught Guinness from cans or bottles by
\nmeans of a sudden gas discharge from an internal compartment when the can or
\nbottle is opened were Tony Carey and Sammy Hildebrand, brewers with Guinness
\nin Dublin, in 1968. This invention was patented by them in British Patent No
\n1266351, filed 1969-01-27, complete specification published 1972-03-08. Development work on a can system under Project ACORN focused on an arrangement whereby a false lid underneath the main lid formed the gas chamber. Technical difficulties led to a
\ndecision to put the can route on hold and concentrate on bottles using
\nexternal initiators. Subsequently, Guinness allowed this patent to lapse and
\nit was not until Ernest Saunders centralised R & D in 1984 that work
\nre-started on this invention under the direction of Alan Forage.<\/p>\n
The design of an internal compartment that could be readily inserted during
\nthe canning process was devised by Alan Forage and William Byrne, and work
\nstarted on the widget during the period 1984\/85. The plan was to introduce a
\nplastic capsule into the can, pressurise it during the filling process and
\nthen allow it to release this pressure in a controlled manner when the can
\nwas being opened. This would be sufficient to initiate the product and give
\nit the characteristic creamy head. However, it was pointed out by Tony Carey
\nthat this resulted in beer being forced into the ‘widget’ during
\npasteurisation with consequent very poor head quality. He suggested
\novercoming this by rapidly inverting the can after the lid was seamed on.
\nThis extra innovation was successful.<\/p>\n
It is important that oxygen is eliminated from any process developed as this can cause flavour deterioration when present.<\/p>\n
The first samples sent to Dublin were labelled "Project Dynamite", which
\ncaused some delay before customs and excise would release the samples.
\nBecause of this the name was changed to Oaktree. Another name that changed
\nwas ‘inserts’ – the operators called them widgets almost immediately after
\nthey arrived on site – a name that has now stuck with the industry.<\/p>\n
The development of ideas continued. In fact over 100 alternatives were
\nconsidered. The blow moulded widget was to be pierced with a laser and a
\nblower was then necessary to blow away the plume created by the laser
\nburning through the polypropylene. This was abandoned and instead it was
\ndecided to gas exchange air for nitrogen on the filler, and produce the
\ninserts with a hole in place using straight forward and cheaper injection
\nmoulding techniques.<\/p>\n
Commissioning began January 1988, with a national launch date of March 1989.<\/p>\n
This first generation widget was a plastic disk held by friction in the
\nbottom of the can. This method worked fine if the beer was served cold; when
\nserved warm the can would overflow when opened. The floating widget, which
\nwas launched in 1997, does not have this problem.<\/p>\n
http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Widget_(beer)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A few nice high quality plastic mould images I found: The Guinness “widget” Image by slworking2 Curiosity got the best of me tonight and I decided to cut open a can of Guinness in order to have a closer look at the "widget". From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The "floating widget" found in cans of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[88,17,110,24,8,29],"class_list":["post-444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-plastic-mould","tag-high","tag-mould","tag-nice","tag-photos","tag-plastic","tag-quality"],"yoast_head":"\n
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